GLAUCOMA — About, Symptoms & Preventions
Glaucoma is a category of eye condition that harms the optic nerve, the wellbeing of which is crucial for acceptable vision. This harm is regularly caused by strangely high pressure in your eye.
Glaucoma is one of the main causes of blindness for individuals beyond 60 years of age. It can happen at whatever stage in life, however is more normal in more seasoned adults.
Numerous forms of glaucoma have no caution signs. The impact is so continuous that you may not notice an adjustment in vision until the condition is at a high-level stage.
As vision loss because of glaucoma can’t be recuperated, it’s critical to have disciplined eye exams that incorporate measurements of your eye pressure so a diagnosis can be made in its beginning phases and treated properly. In the event that glaucoma is perceived early, vision loss can be slowed or forestalled. On the off chances that you have the condition, you’ll by and large need treatment for the rest of your life.
> Symptoms of Glaucoma
The signs and symptoms of glaucoma shift contingent upon the kind and stage of your condition. For instance:
1. Open-Angle glaucoma
a) Patchy blind spots in your side (peripheral) or focal vision, often possible in both the eyes
b) Limited focus in the high-level stages
2. Acute Angle-Closure glaucoma
a) Severe headache
b) Eye torment
c) Nausea and vomiting
d) Confused vision
e) Halos around lights
f) Eye redness
Whenever left untreated, glaucoma will in the long run cause blindness. Indeed, even with treatment, around 15% of individuals with glaucoma become blind in at any one eye inside 20 years.
> When to see a specialist
Quickly go to a trauma center or an eye specialist’s (ophthalmologist’s) office in the event that you experience some of the symptoms of acute angle-closure glaucoma, such as severe migraine (headache), eye torment, and confused vision.
> Causes of Glaucoma
Glaucoma is the result of harm to the optic nerve. As this nerve slowly deteriorates, blind spots create in your visual field. For reasons that doctors don’t completely understand, this nerve harm is usually identified with increased pressure in the eye.
Raised eye pressure is because of a development of a liquid (aqueous humor) that flows all through the inside of your eye. This interior liquid ordinarily drains out through a tissue called the trabecular meshwork at the point where the iris and cornea meet. At the point when liquid is overproduced or the Eye drainage system doesn’t work as it should be, the liquid can’t stream out at its typical rate, and eye pressure increases.
Glaucoma tends to run in families. In some individuals, scientists have recognized genes identified with high eye pressure and optic nerve harm.
> Types of glaucoma include:
1. Open-Angle glaucoma
Open-Angle Glaucoma is the most well-known type of disease. The drainage point shaped by the cornea and iris remains open, yet the trabecular meshwork is partly congested. This causes pressure in the eye to increase gradually. This pressure damages the optic nerve. It happens so slowly that you may lose vision before you’re even mindful of an issue.
2. Angle-Closure glaucoma
Angle-Closure glaucoma, also called closed-angle glaucoma, occurs when the iris bulges forward to limited or choke the drainage point framed by the cornea and iris. As a result, liquid can’t circulate through the eye, and pressure increases. Some individuals have thin drainage angles, putting them at increased risk of Angle-Closure glaucoma.
Angle-Closure glaucoma may happen suddenly (acute angle-closure glaucoma) or gradually (chronic angle-closure glaucoma). Acute Angle-Closure glaucoma is a health-related emergency.
3. Normal-Tension glaucoma
In Normal-Tension glaucoma, your optic nerve becomes harmed despite the fact that your eye pressure is inside the ordinary reach. Nobody knows the specific reason for this. You may have a fragile optic nerve, or you may have less blood being allocated to your optic nerve. This restricted bloodstream could be caused by atherosclerosis — the development of greasy deposits (plaque) in the arteries — or different conditions that weaken flow.
4. Glaucoma in kids
Infants and kids can have glaucoma. It very well might be present from birth or create in the first couple of years of life. The optic nerve harm might be caused by drainage blockages or a basic ailment.
5. Pigmentary glaucoma
In pigmentary glaucoma, pigment granules from your iris develop in the seepage channels, slowing or blocking liquid leaving your eye. Activities such as running sometimes stir up the pigment granules, depositing them on the trabecular meshwork, and causing irregular pressure elevations.
> Prevention
These self-care steps can assist you with determining glaucoma in its beginning phases, which is significant in the prevention of vision loss or slow progress.
Get regular eye examinations. Normal comprehensive eye exams can help to determine glaucoma in its beginning phases before significant harm occurs. In case you’re at risk of glaucoma, you’ll need more regular screening. Ask your primary care physician to suggest the correct screening schedule for you.
Know your family’s eye wellbeing history. Glaucoma tends to run in families. In case you’re at increased risk, you may require more frequent screening.
Exercise safely. Ordinary, moderate exercise may help forestall glaucoma by diminishing eye pressure. Talk with your Physician about a proper exercise program.
Take prescribed eye drops consistently. Glaucoma eye drops can significantly decrease the risk that high eye pressure will progress to glaucoma. To be viable, eye drops prescribed by your primary care physician should be used routinely regardless of whether you have no symptoms.
Wear eyes shields. Serious eye injuries can prompt glaucoma. Wear eye security when using power tools or playing rapid racket sports in enclosed courts.
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